How to Use Financial Aid Leveraging When Deciding Where to Enroll

How Selective Schools Determine Financial Aid and Why Some Students Should Ask for More Aid if Needed Guest Post by Master Admissions Counselor, Nat If you are one of my beloved students that I work with individually, you are very familiar with my enrollment management style of counseling. I’ve presented my hypothetical â€Å"rubric† model to you, that I first shared over eight years ago at a college fair night at a public NYC high school to rave reviews. My students are familiar with institutional priorities and how classes are assembled. However, one of the things that I don’t often get to talk about with most of my students is financial aid. I’m excited to talk more the financial aid process and specifically, financial aid leveraging. To fully understand this, I’ll have to share some background information about the rubric that I show my students (and hope to share more with you in the future). The Reading Rubric The basis of the rubric is that there is a hierarchal rating score that every applicant receives. Let’s just say that the scale is out of 24, and an applicant scoring a 24 would have scored a perfect score in the rubric (which doesn’t necessarily mean that this applicant is the most desirable but that’s another blog post). A student scoring a 17 in the review rubric may also be deemed admissible, but they are not as â€Å"qualitatively strong† on paper. Also consider that a 24-rated applicant may also have positive decision letters from other schools, but a 17-rated applicant may not have as many comparable options in terms of selectivity. The yield on a 24-rated applicant is lower. We, as an institution, are less likely to enroll that student. Conversely, a 17-rated applicant is likely to attend if admitted because we may be their best bet. Although review rubrics are different everywhere, this same 17-rated applicant in our pool might be a 24-rated applicant in another pool (if they have done their college search correctly). How the Rubric is Used for Financial Aid Now, let’s talk about some of the language that surrounds financial aid. We often hear schools say â€Å"we meet 100% of demonstrated need.† Well, this can mean many different things. Let’s say applicant Y qualifies for $45,000 of financial aid. A college or university can meet 100% of this student's need by giving him or her a $45,000 grant (money you don’t have to pay back), or they can also give the student $45,000 of loans (money you do have to pay back) and technically meet 100% of that student's need. This is where financial aid leveraging comes in. What will happen most of the time* is the student scoring a 24 in the review rubric will get more grant aid and less loan. In many cases, they may get all grant and a merit scholarship (on top of that) in order to entice them to attend the school. A 24-rated applicant will bring his or her high standardized test scores and high GPA (which are big reasons why they scored a 24 in the rubric in the first place) to our school. We want this student to enroll, so we will give him or her the best financial aid package we can. We’ll still meet 100% of the lower rated applicant’s need, but we’ll do that with more loans and less grant. Now, there will be some lower rated applicants that we will want to attend just as much as we want our 24-rated applicants because they meet institutional priorities (athletic recruits, diversity, special majors and programs, etc.), so schools may break this algorithm and aid them at a better rate. This creative packaging is a part of what I will discuss below. Financial Aid Leveraging When I was a young admissions officer, I found myself telling students over and over that if you are accepted, we will meet 100% of your financial need. What I didn’t know in my first few years is that could mean a number of different things to each student depending on what they scored in our rubric and what the financial aid algorithm was going to be that particular year. My job as an admissions counselor was to share my experiences and counsel prospective applicants the best way possible. I loved working for the institution and I counseled to the best of my abilities, and to the best of what I was taught and knew. Now that I have been in the profession for a number of years, I’ve come to understand the business of this much more and I’m able to to counsel students with my understanding of this business, meaning I would tell them to approach the schools they are considering and engage in a conversation about whether or not more financial aid is available. The answer may be that that is the best package available, but my students will not know that until they ask! Why is it okay for institutions of higher education to plan, strategize and use financial aid leveraging during the admissions process, but it's not okay for students to do the same? So, I’ll say it again: I would unequivocally tell my students to engage with the financial aid office in every single case where money is an issue for them to attend. This has nothing to do with privilege, but more to do with cultural capital (and I acknowledge that the two are related). I want to empower my students to learn how to advocate for themselves, and there are many opportunities to teach that after their college applications have been submitted. If you were admitted to your first choice school but received better financial aid packages from other schools (which makes sense if you understand the rubric and financial aid leveraging), I do recommend you call your first choice school and let them know that you would like to attend but you got a better financial aid package from school Y. Share school Y’s package to see what school X can do in your case! *There are a few institutions with such a commitment to financial aid that loans are not a part of their financial aid packages to accepted students.

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Rome The Capital City Of Italy Essay - 944 Words

Rome is the capital city of Italy, situated in the central-western Italian Peninsula. The historical context of Rome begins at around 753 B.C.E. Rome s initial relocation was in a portion of different early ethnicities, such as, Etruscans, Latins, and Sabines, eventually populating the city as the capital of the Roman Monarchy, Republic, and Empire. For around 244 years, Rome was represented by a monarchy. Over the 244 year time span, â€Å"there were seven rulers to control the kingdom, in sequential order: Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius, Ancus Marcius, Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tulles, and Tarquinius Superbus. Tarquinius Superbus was nullified from the throne in 509 B.C.E., and Rome turned into an oligarchic republic† (history.com). Amid the republic, Rome encountered a period of civil war between the wealthy and the poor. After a centralized armed force was set up, the city battled against numerous states for the sole purpose of growing its regional standard. Amid the second half of the century, a civil war came to fruition between military officers Gaius Marius and Sulla, which likewise incited the making of the political collusion between Julius Caesar, Marcus Licinius Crassus, and Pompey the Great, known as the First Triumvirate. In the wake of acquiring military radiance in Spain, Caesar came back to Rome to strive for the consulship in 59 B.C. From his collusion with Pompey and Crassus, Caesar got the governorship of three affluent territories in GaulShow MoreRelatedFinding a Little Bit More about Italy1031 Words   |  4 Pagesin Italy, I decided to find out a little more about it. One of the first things I would like to find out is some basic information about the country. Another thing I would like to find out is what happened in Italy’s history. Furthermore, it would also be interesting to learn about the country’s current leader. Information about the capital city is another thing that I want to discover about Italy. In addition, I would like to find out about popular attractions that are located in Italy. FinallyRead MoreAdministration of Roman Empire During Augustus Reign835 Words   |  4 PagesAdministration of the Empire Much chaos surrounded Rome with the fall of the Roman Republic. After seizing Egypt, Octavian returned to Rome and became the first emperor of the Roman Empire in 27 BCE. â€Å"His restructuring of the senatorial and equestrian orders, and the subsequent emulation between the two, provided the human resources, power dynamics, and incentives necessary for his administration†. It was easier for Augustus to carryout such major changes in administration because there was a universalRead More Early Roman History Essays931 Words   |  4 PagesEarly Roman History As Greece reached the height of its prosperity Rome which lye slightly to the west slowly began its rise as a civilization. The Greeks centered their culture around Art and literature whereas opposed to the Romans who settled their culture upon warfare and leadership. Without planning, would rise very steadily as an empire. Shortly before Christ most of the surrounding cities and nations were at peace under Romes rule. Early Romans kept no written records. Their historyRead MoreHow Rome Became an Empire649 Words   |  3 PagesRome Becoming an Empire: Currently, Rome is the capital city of Italy despite being the centre of the Roman Empire more than 2,000 years ago. According to reports by current historians and archeologists, people were living in Rome long before 753 BC, the legend is considered as one of the most popular in world history. Generally, the Roman Empire included most of what is currently regarded as Western Europe. A Roman lifestyle was established in these countries following the fact that the empireRead MoreThe Unification Of Italy After Unification1273 Words   |  6 PagesThe Unification of Italy Before Unification Before unification, Italy was made up of several small countries. These separate countries seemed to share a common culture and language. From these similarities many people wanted to unify in nationalism. Napoleon had invaded Italy in 1796, so unification was not possible until he was defeated in 1814. A map of Italy before Unification. After Napoleon’s downfall Italy was made up of: Kingdom of two Sicilies, The Papal states, the Austrian empireRead MoreThe Trail Of Tears1511 Words   |  7 Pagesdeveloped today they all had to do something to get to where they are today. Italy is one of the most influential countries today. This where Christianity, Mythology, and also it was were the Olympics started. With all these great things coming out of Italy, a lot of tragic things started in Italy. One of those things slave fightings, these fighters are commonly known as Gladiators. These fights were a very big thing during early Italy. This one the number one way on entertainment at this time. The barbaricRead MoreThe History of the Byzantine Empire Essay897 Words   |  4 PagesEmpire with its capital in Constantinople. Early on Emperor Constantine sought to keep the two united but as the fifth and sixth centuries rolled around they each had gone their separate ways. With chaos in the west, the east thrived aft er the west fell under Germanic tribes and the east later became known as the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire lasted from 330-1453 a thousand years longer than the Western Roman Empire. Due to the placement of the Byzantine Empire and its capital, this empireRead MoreItaly: Top Touristic Destination1249 Words   |  5 Pagesvacation is Italy. It’s known for its history, attractions, food and language. Italy is a Mediterranean country in the south of Europe. It’s also divided into 20 regions. Italy is the fourth largest tourism, fifth most visited country. It has many mountains and has few plains. Therefore it is similar to the dessert, hot and dry. The Italian flag has three colors Red, White, Green. Each one has a meaning. The Green Represents hope, White is faith and red represents charity. Italy capital is Rome, locatedRead MoreNapoleon s Reign Over Italy1101 Words   |  5 Pages Italy, as it is known today, has been in existence for less than one hundred fifty years. For several centuries, Italy had been made up of separate states often ruled by foreign powers. In 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte invaded and conquered the Italian peninsula. After falling under French rule, the peninsula was divided into three parts: several northern states, which were annexed to France, the Kingdom of Italy, of which Napoleon declared himself king in 1805, and the Kingdom of Naples in the southRead MoreThe Real History Behind Rome: Julius Caesar Essay815 Words   |  4 Pages Rome, the subject of this report is Rome. The (completely wacko made-up) legend says that Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus, the twin sons of Mars, the god of war. Supposedly some king tossed them into a basket, chucked them into the Tiber River, and left them to die a good old-fashioned baby-river-drowning-death. Apparently this never happened because they were rescued by a she-wolf and raised as one of her own. Eventually Romulus and Remus decided to ice that king and overthrow the kingdom

Business Plan for an Aviation Company - 12429 Words

1. Company’s profile JetStream Aero Services (JAS) is a newly set up aerospace company dedicated to providing small aircraft modification, assembly and maintenance services in South East Asia. JAS will have its first maintenance plant at Seletar Airport (Singapore) and aimed to start operations by 2010. Singapore is chosen due to its strategic location and it is a major hub in aerospace maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) in Asia Pacific. As JAS is relatively a new company, the management aims to enter the South East Asia market by focusing on small business aircrafts in the first few years of operations. Other areas would be looked into further once JAS has established its brand name and services. JAS is also proud to be†¦show more content†¦Teamwork * Teamwork helps the company work in a more efficient manner and reducing any chances of miscommunications between different departments * Monthly gatherings shall be organized by the management to foster greater relationship and cohesiveness of the entire company 2. Company’s products and services Seletar Airport is chosen as the main location for JAS main headquarters and maintenance plant. The total land space available is roughly two hectares in size and would be sufficient to house a decent aircraft hangar and office space. Within the airport itself, an existing runway (03/21) with a distance of 1,592 meters long and 46 meters wide would be available to carry out test flights conveniently. Though JAS primary provides MRO services such as maintenance and repair for a wide range of small business aircrafts, its main focus shall be the manufacturing, assembling and sale of the Diamond DA42 twin star aircraft. Sales target are set at three of this business jet per month from the start of JAS operations. JAS new single engine trainer aircraft, JetStream Flyer would begin its design phase concurrently from the start of operations and set to be in operations and delivered by year 2011. Its target sales potential would be at least of five aircrafts per month from year 2013 onwards. To further enhance JAS services to customers, the in-house engineers would provide aircraft maintenance advice and workshops for customers.Show MoreRelatedMarketing Strategies871 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing strategy is the plan of an organization to market its product. A good marketing strategy enables the organization to get the best marketing results and help it sustain its marketing advantage by using limited amount of resource. This report is the comparison of marketing strategies of three different companies. Lansing Aviation Lansing Aviation is a private company which provides aircrafts on rental to individuals and to flight training. It provides aviation consultancy at corporateRead MoreImportance Of Hr And Their Role Of Aviation Industry1511 Words   |  7 Pages Importance of HR and their Role in aviation industry Department of Aviation, Lewis University, Romeoville, IL Bipin Patel bipinnpatel@lewisu.edu +12247701888 Abstract Today, Human Resource Management has become a vital part of industries. They play a significant role in all industry. This paper will describe about the Human Resource Management (HRM) and how important to have HRM in industry and the role played by it, in various companies around the globe to make it successful. HRM isRead MoreGeneral Aviation Manufacturing : A Long Road Full Of Success1229 Words   |  5 PagesGeneral Aviation Manufacturing has been a long road full of success from the Wright Brothers, to current times. 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In the aviation industry, a three-step reverse logistics approach may entail customerRead MoreOutsourcing Of Aviation Maintenance Practices And The Effects Of Globalization1352 Words   |  6 Pages Outsourcing of Aviation Maintenance Practices and the Effects of Globalization Matthew Wilkerson Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Worldwide May 16, 2016 â€Æ' Abstract Within the aviation industry outsourced maintenance practices have become increasingly more prevalent to maintain current assets. There is generally three processes currently being utilized by the airline industry: outsourcing specific maintenance needs, in-house operations, and lastly, a hybrid approach, which entails a combinationRead MoreSouthwest Airlines Company Case Analysis739 Words   |  3 Pages Southwest Airlines Company Team B Kyle Forbes Cheryl Kessler Adam Paquette Nina Scarpino Louie E. 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Media Propaganda - 9887 Words

Media propaganda Propaganda is a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a community toward some cause or position. As opposed to impartially providing information, propaganda, in its most basic sense, presents information primarily to influence an audience. Propaganda often presents facts selectively (thus possibly lying by omission) to encourage a particular synthesis, or uses loaded messages to produce an emotional rather than rational response to the information presented. The desired result is a change of the attitude toward the subject in the target audience to further a political agenda. Propaganda can be used as a form of political warfare. While the term propaganda has acquired a strongly negative†¦show more content†¦The Creel Commission provided themes for speeches by four-minute men at public functions, and also encouraged censorship of the American press. The Commission was so unpopular that after the war, Congress closed it down without providing funding to organize and archive its papers. The war propaganda campaign of Lippmann and Bernays produced within six months such an intense anti-German hysteria as to permanently impress American business (and Adolf Hitler, among others) with the potential of large-scale propaganda to control public opinion. Bernays coined the terms group mind and engineering consent, important concepts in practical propaganda work. The file Century of the Self by Adam Curtis documents the immense influence of these ideas on public relations and politics throughout the last century. The current public relations industry is a direct outgrowth of Lippmanns and Bernays work and is still used extensively by the United States government. For the first half of the 20th century Bernays and Lippmann themselves ran a very successful public relations firm. World saw continued use of propaganda as a weapon of war, both by Hitlers propagandist Joseph Goebbels and the British Political Warfare Executive, as well as the United States Office of War Information. In the early 2000s, the United States government developedShow MoreRelatedPropaganda and Persuasion Casted in the Media1216 Words   |  5 Pages Propaganda is performed through print, audio, and visual mass media. It is used for the promotion of the public’s activities in their life such as purchasing goods through market propaganda, and it is also found in politics, foreign affairs, and in many other fields. Most importantly propaganda is depicted in the informercialization of the news, which is connected with subliminal advertising and commercialization of public events and individual promotion such in communication websites. However,Read MoreMedia s Influence On Domestic Propaganda987 Words   |  4 PagesAs of 2013 the US government ended it s long time ban on domestic propaganda. (RT) However, has propaganda ever stopped? And, is this just an aggressive attempt to increase the already overwhelming amount of propaganda already swelling within the media? Many sources point out that the mainstream media has always been a source of propaganda, the tool used to persuade and guide the public in making their opinions an d decisions on important issues. Personally, I m also concerned that it distractsRead More The Media as Conduit for Political Propaganda Essay657 Words   |  3 PagesThe Media as Conduit for Political Propaganda According to the latest polls, 90% of Americans favor military retaliation for the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center. Taking into consideration that all aggregate data is used for self-serving means, this number is still exceptionally large. The numbers are manufactured by propaganda vehicles, or rather the mainstream media. In a sort of Orwellian fashion, the media bombards the audience with images, voices, and memoirs of death, griefRead MorePropaganda in American Media Essay805 Words   |  4 PagesPropaganda in American Media One of the greatest revolutions in the twentieth century was not political in nature, however, it aided in many different political revolutions. This revolution was the communications revolution. The twentieth century has experienced one of the greatest changes in means of communication including technologies such as radio, motion pictures, the Internet, advanced communications and most importantly the television. Sadly, political leaders and the government to convinceRead MoreEssay on Media Propaganda and Stereotypes1645 Words   |  7 Pagesinto stereotypes and the propaganda that is being fed by the government and the media. Stereotypes steer individuals perceptions of a group of people in a certain way, usually negative, and generalize that opinion to all members of the group. Aware of the influence stereotypes have on peoples views, governments use stereotypes already imbedded in society as a propaganda tactic to persuade peoples thoughts, opinions and beliefs in order to be nefit their cause. The media was used for disseminatingRead MoreEvaluating the Propaganda Model of the Media1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthe ‘propaganda model’ or the ‘political economy model’ for the study of media power. The Chomsky-Herman propaganda model, at its core, asserts that â€Å"elite media determine what topics, issues and events are to be considered ‘newsworthy’ by lower-tier media†¦ in order to serve the interests of dominant, elite groups [in society]† (Klaehn 2005, p. 2). Most assertions of this theory are relevant for today’s mediascape, though by and large the propaganda model holds a prejudiced view of media ownershipRead MoreUse Of Social Media As Propaganda1679 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom a landline telephone (if available). Today, social media has created several outlet for individuals across the globe to communicate. Sites like YouTube, Google+, Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram allow users to communicate with each other without having to be physically present. If you are an owner of a smart phone then you are able to message, share photos, and video chat from the palm of your hand. Besides friends using social media to connect with other friends or families keeping in touchRead MoreGenocide and the Propaganda Media Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pagesthe cleansing of a race or ethnicity in a country. There has been evidence that this phrase can be used to describe past and present day massacres being committed around the world and how media has changed its perception on this issue overtime. Propaganda tries to force a doctrine on the whole people... Propaganda works on the general public from the standpoint of an idea and makes them ripe for the victory of this idea. ( Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, 1926). 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One of the most powerful forces, propaganda in the media combined with stereotypes often act together to accomplish a homogenized and often misleading view about society an d its people. Stereotype ? a conventional

Why Music Education Should Be in Schools Free Essays

shoâ€Å"Music majors are the most likely group of college grads to be admitted to medical school. Physician and biologist Lewis Thomas studied the  undergraduate  majors of medical school applicants. He found that 66 percent of music majors who applied to med school were admitted, the highest percentage of any group. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Music Education Should Be in Schools or any similar topic only for you Order Now For comparison, (44 percent) of biochemistry majors were admitted. Also, a study of 7,500 university students revealed that music majors scored the highest reading scores among all majors including English, biology, chemistry and math†. Sources: â€Å"The Comparative Academic Abilities of Students in  Education  and in Other Areas of a Multi-focus University,† Peter H. Wood, ERIC Document No. ED327480†³The Case for Music in the Schools,† Phi Delta Kappan, February, 1994 Percentage of Americans who believe: * Music is a part of a well-rounded education 95% * Music is an activity that a child can enjoy all his/her life 98% * Learning a musical instrument helps students perform better in other subjects 92% * Music brings the family together 90% School band is a good way for young people to develop teamwork skills 97% * Schools should offer music as a part of the regular curriculum 93% * Music gives children a sense of accomplishment 95% * Music helps teach children discipline 92% * Music helps instill an appreciation of arts and culture 96% The U. S. spends more money than any other country in the world per student on education yet does not have the numbers to show it. Japan and Netherlands though put requirements on every single student to be a part of music enriching class through most of primary school How to cite Why Music Education Should Be in Schools, Essay examples

Database Normalization and Hotel Reservation Website Sample Essay Example For Students

Database Normalization and Hotel Reservation Website Sample Essay 1 Introduction Technology has transformed many facets of life in this coevals. including the manner many of us make reserves. Traditional ways of reserving through telephones. cellular phones and walk-in can’t header up the with other clients who have a busy agenda that are in demand of faster manner to reserve and pay. In this affair. it is in higher advantage to develop a to the full functional web site which provides on-line reserve. The benefits of such system are as follows: it can derive international exposure and besides be an effectual online booklet that is available to everyone in the universe ; it can besides spread out mark market. taking to increased tenancy degrees. Increase net incomes. remain competitory. command tour selling. 1. Statement of the Problem The Grand Astoria hotel is enduring with slow process on indirect reserves with deficient informations given by the invitee when reserving through phone calls and electronic mails. Besides. it has no confidence that the invitee will certainly pay through recognition. They have no positions of information of different suites and installations found in the constitution. 2. Current State of the Technology The emerging demand of high quality based engineering is a must in different industries including the tourer attractive force topographic point such as hotels. In the instance of Grand Astoria Hotel. the enlargement of client range is low because they are non provided with a web site that connects to other possible clients internationally. The current province of their engineering when reserving are as follows: 1. ask inside informations cheque in and look into out clip ; 2. information about the invitee ; 3. choose what sort of room ; 4. cheque if it is available ; 5. if the room is unavailable. cheque for other suites that is available ; 6. modesty and corroborate the reserve to busy. 3. General Problem The chief job of this survey is the inaccurate reserve of the client. 1. Specific Problem 1. Low in security 2. Less informations unity 3. Time monitoring 4. Trouble in seeking and recovering files 5. Possible loss of records and recovering files 6. Trouble in happening the handiness of suites and installations 7. Lack of Generating Reports 4. General Aims The survey aims to work out the job that the hotel meeting and to alter their manner of reserve in their system. 1. Specific Aims 1. To increase security between direction and staff 2. Highly integrate informations 3. To decrease clip consume 4. To pass less clip in seeking and recovering of files 5. To make a backup files in every successful dealing 6. To go easier to happen the handiness of suites and installations. 7. Supply bring forthing studies 5. Scope and Restrictions The range of the survey merely covers the dealing of reserve of suites and installations that can hotel give to the client. Hotel Reservation System is to the full scalable and designed to supply extended flexibleness and varied picks. Typical hotel reserve and ecommerce hotel system package reserve solutions presently in topographic point and available today are technically designed to accomplish merely one nonsubjective map. which is to link purchaser to seller. Chapter 2 THEORETRICAL FRAMEWORK 2. 1 Introduction The advocates proposed a hotel reserve web site with which is the Grand Astoria Hotel Reservation Website with standalone system is easier to utilize and a secured database to cut down informations redundancy. 2. 2 Database The advocates used a database that serves as a aggregation of organized information of the reserve inside informations that can easy be accessed. managed. and updated with the use of MySql relational database direction system. .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 , .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .postImageUrl , .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 , .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3:hover , .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3:visited , .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3:active { border:0!important; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3:active , .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3 .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub17d027b0e865163884abc7d3b7c61b3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Patient Advocacy : An Advocate For Patients Essay2. 3 Normalization Theory The standardization theory provided a great advantage to the advocates due to its procedure of forming the Fieldss and tabular arraies of relational database to minimise redundancy and dependence that normally involves spliting big tabular arraies into smaller tabular arraies and specifying relationships between them. The advocates normalise the database from the First Normal Form to Boyce Codd Normal Form. First Normal Form ( 1NF ) The columns in our tabular array are already in its atomic value and there was no duplicating of columns with associated informations. Second Normal Form ( 2NF ) Third Normal Form ( 3NF ) Boyce Codd Normal Form ( BCNF or 3. 5 NF ) Chapter 3 GRAND ASTORIA HOTEL RESERVATION WEBSITE 3. 1 Introduction This chapter presents the research design. research puting. research instrumentality. informations assemblage processs. system design specification and package and hardware demands. 3. 2 Research Method The descriptive method of research was used in this survey. This method has been employed in this survey wherein the research workers gathered information about the present status and proposed a manner to heighten if non extinguish the conditions that affects the public presentation of the present bing manner on how the reserve being done. 3. 2. 1 Research Design The descriptive research is besides called statistical research. The chief end of this type of research is to depict the informations and features about what is being studied. 3. 2. 2 Research Puting This survey has been developed for GRAND ASTORIA HOTEL which started during the 1st semester of the school twelvemonth 2012-2013. The advocates developed this system and it will take topographic point at the forepart desk forces. 3. 2. 3 Research Instrument The research instruments used in garnering informations from the respondents are researcher – made interview questionnaires. The research workers made questionnaire sing the procedure. dealing and studies with in their section. The research workers proposed system which includes the user’s studies and ability to recover informations from the database. 3. 2. 4 Data Gathering Procedures The research workers conduct interview techniques and do usage of the system. The research workers conduct one on one interview to the director and put interview inquiries to him. 3. 2. 5 System Design Specification The advocates will utilize a consecutive design procedure. in which advancement is seen as fluxing steadily downward through the stages of Planning. Analysis. Design. Coding. Testing besides known as the waterfall theoretical account. As shown in the diagram below: Planing Phase- the advocates discourse what system to build. schedule the interviewee of mark respondents. gather information to the respondent and assign undertaking to each advocates sing the paperss. Analysis Phase- the advocates inspect or examine the flow of the system to implement. stipulate aims. general jobs. place its range and restriction and normalise the database. Design Phase- the advocates verified the version of the graphical representations of the architectural design in which this stage relies on the old two phases for its proper execution. Coding Phase-the advocates ensures that the existent cryptography of the package is carried out. A proper executing of the old phases ensures a smooth and easier execution of this phase. Testing Phase-the advocates will prove the system after holding verified the old three phases. 3. 2. 6 Software Requirements The package demands will include Windows. Apache. MySql. Php- waiter. Dreamweaver CS3. Windows 7 Ultimate or Windows XP. 3. 2. 7 Hardware Requirements The hardware demands will include a Computer that has a Pentium to Core iSeries. 1GB ( 32 Bit ) RAM or 2GB ( 64 Bit ) RAM. 4GB of available Hard Disk infinite. 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